FormatMessageA

// KERNEL32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

DWORD FormatMessageA(
    FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS dwFlags,
    const void* lpSource,   // optional
    DWORD dwMessageId,
    DWORD dwLanguageId,
    LPSTR lpBuffer,
    DWORD nSize,
    CHAR** Arguments   // optional
);

<DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function FormatMessageA(
    dwFlags As UInteger,   ' FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    lpSource As IntPtr,   ' void* optional
    dwMessageId As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    dwLanguageId As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpBuffer As System.Text.StringBuilder,   ' LPSTR out
    nSize As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    Arguments As IntPtr   ' CHAR** optional
) As UInteger
End Function

' dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
' lpSource : void* optional
' dwMessageId : DWORD
' dwLanguageId : DWORD
' lpBuffer : LPSTR out
' nSize : DWORD
' Arguments : CHAR** optional
Declare PtrSafe Function FormatMessageA Lib "kernel32" ( _
    ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
    ByVal lpSource As LongPtr, _
    ByVal dwMessageId As Long, _
    ByVal dwLanguageId As Long, _
    ByVal lpBuffer As String, _
    ByVal nSize As Long, _
    ByVal Arguments As LongPtr) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

FormatMessageA = ctypes.windll.kernel32.FormatMessageA
FormatMessageA.restype = wintypes.DWORD
FormatMessageA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    ctypes.POINTER(None),  # lpSource : void* optional
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwMessageId : DWORD
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwLanguageId : DWORD
    wintypes.LPSTR,  # lpBuffer : LPSTR out
    wintypes.DWORD,  # nSize : DWORD
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # Arguments : CHAR** optional
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('KERNEL32.dll')
FormatMessageA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['FormatMessageA'],
  [
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpSource : void* optional
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwMessageId : DWORD
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwLanguageId : DWORD
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpBuffer : LPSTR out
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # nSize : DWORD
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # Arguments : CHAR** optional
  ],
  -Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "kernel32")]
extern "system" {
    fn FormatMessageA(
        dwFlags: u32,  // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
        lpSource: *const (),  // void* optional
        dwMessageId: u32,  // DWORD
        dwLanguageId: u32,  // DWORD
        lpBuffer: *mut u8,  // LPSTR out
        nSize: u32,  // DWORD
        Arguments: *mut *mut i8  // CHAR** optional
    ) -> u32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern uint FormatMessageA(uint dwFlags, IntPtr lpSource, uint dwMessageId, uint dwLanguageId, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder lpBuffer, uint nSize, IntPtr Arguments);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'KERNEL32_FormatMessageA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)

#uselib "KERNEL32.dll"
#func global FormatMessageA "FormatMessageA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; FormatMessageA dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, varptr(lpBuffer), nSize, varptr(Arguments)   ; 戻り値は stat
; dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> "sptr"
; lpSource : void* optional -> "sptr"
; dwMessageId : DWORD -> "sptr"
; dwLanguageId : DWORD -> "sptr"
; lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> "sptr"
; nSize : DWORD -> "sptr"
; Arguments : CHAR** optional -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	kernel32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("KERNEL32.dll")
	procFormatMessageA = kernel32.NewProc("FormatMessageA")
)

// dwFlags (FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS), lpSource (void* optional), dwMessageId (DWORD), dwLanguageId (DWORD), lpBuffer (LPSTR out), nSize (DWORD), Arguments (CHAR** optional)
r1, _, err := procFormatMessageA.Call(
	uintptr(dwFlags),
	uintptr(lpSource),
	uintptr(dwMessageId),
	uintptr(dwLanguageId),
	uintptr(lpBuffer),
	uintptr(nSize),
	uintptr(Arguments),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // DWORD

function FormatMessageA(
  dwFlags: DWORD;   // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
  lpSource: Pointer;   // void* optional
  dwMessageId: DWORD;   // DWORD
  dwLanguageId: DWORD;   // DWORD
  lpBuffer: PAnsiChar;   // LPSTR out
  nSize: DWORD;   // DWORD
  Arguments: Pointer   // CHAR** optional
): DWORD; stdcall;
  external 'KERNEL32.dll' name 'FormatMessageA';

result := DllCall("KERNEL32\FormatMessageA"
    , "UInt", dwFlags   ; FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    , "Ptr", lpSource   ; void* optional
    , "UInt", dwMessageId   ; DWORD
    , "UInt", dwLanguageId   ; DWORD
    , "Ptr", lpBuffer   ; LPSTR out
    , "UInt", nSize   ; DWORD
    , "Ptr", Arguments   ; CHAR** optional
    , "UInt")   ; return: DWORD

●FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments) = DLL("KERNEL32.dll", "dword FormatMessageA(dword, void*, dword, dword, char*, dword, void*)")
# 呼び出し: FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)
# dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> "dword"
# lpSource : void* optional -> "void*"
# dwMessageId : DWORD -> "dword"
# dwLanguageId : DWORD -> "dword"
# lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> "char*"
# nSize : DWORD -> "dword"
# Arguments : CHAR** optional -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。

const std = @import("std");

extern "kernel32" fn FormatMessageA(
    dwFlags: u32, // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    lpSource: ?*anyopaque, // void* optional
    dwMessageId: u32, // DWORD
    dwLanguageId: u32, // DWORD
    lpBuffer: [*c]u8, // LPSTR out
    nSize: u32, // DWORD
    Arguments: [*c][*c]i8 // CHAR** optional
) callconv(std.os.windows.WINAPI) u32;

proc FormatMessageA(
    dwFlags: uint32,  # FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    lpSource: pointer,  # void* optional
    dwMessageId: uint32,  # DWORD
    dwLanguageId: uint32,  # DWORD
    lpBuffer: ptr char,  # LPSTR out
    nSize: uint32,  # DWORD
    Arguments: ptr int8  # CHAR** optional
): uint32 {.importc: "FormatMessageA", stdcall, dynlib: "KERNEL32.dll".}

pragma(lib, "kernel32");
extern(Windows)
uint FormatMessageA(
    uint dwFlags,   // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    void* lpSource,   // void* optional
    uint dwMessageId,   // DWORD
    uint dwLanguageId,   // DWORD
    char* lpBuffer,   // LPSTR out
    uint nSize,   // DWORD
    byte** Arguments   // CHAR** optional
);

ccall((:FormatMessageA, "KERNEL32.dll"), stdcall, UInt32,
      (UInt32, Ptr{Cvoid}, UInt32, UInt32, Ptr{UInt8}, UInt32, Ptr{Int8}),
      dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)
# dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> UInt32
# lpSource : void* optional -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# dwMessageId : DWORD -> UInt32
# dwLanguageId : DWORD -> UInt32
# lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> Ptr{UInt8}
# nSize : DWORD -> UInt32
# Arguments : CHAR** optional -> Ptr{Int8}
# stdcall は 32bit のみ意味を持つ(x64 では無視)。

local ffi = require("ffi")
ffi.cdef[[
uint32_t FormatMessageA(
    uint32_t dwFlags,
    void* lpSource,
    uint32_t dwMessageId,
    uint32_t dwLanguageId,
    char* lpBuffer,
    uint32_t nSize,
    int8_t** Arguments);
]]
local kernel32 = ffi.load("kernel32")
-- kernel32.FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)
-- dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
-- lpSource : void* optional
-- dwMessageId : DWORD
-- dwLanguageId : DWORD
-- lpBuffer : LPSTR out
-- nSize : DWORD
-- Arguments : CHAR** optional
-- 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。

const koffi = require('koffi');
const lib = koffi.load('KERNEL32.dll');
const FormatMessageA = lib.func('__stdcall', 'FormatMessageA', 'uint32_t', ['uint32_t', 'void *', 'uint32_t', 'uint32_t', 'char *', 'uint32_t', 'int8_t *']);
// FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)
// dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> 'uint32_t'
// lpSource : void* optional -> 'void *'
// dwMessageId : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// dwLanguageId : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> 'char *'
// nSize : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// Arguments : CHAR** optional -> 'int8_t *'
// 出力ポインタは koffi.out(...) で包む。構造体は koffi.struct で定義。

const lib = Deno.dlopen("KERNEL32.dll", {
  FormatMessageA: { parameters: ["u32", "pointer", "u32", "u32", "buffer", "u32", "pointer"], result: "u32" },
});
// lib.symbols.FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments)
// dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> "u32"
// lpSource : void* optional -> "pointer"
// dwMessageId : DWORD -> "u32"
// dwLanguageId : DWORD -> "u32"
// lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> "buffer"
// nSize : DWORD -> "u32"
// Arguments : CHAR** optional -> "pointer"
// 文字列は "buffer"。ANSI(-A) は new TextEncoder() で UTF-8/ANSI バイト列(末尾に \x00)を渡す。
// 値渡し構造体は { struct: [ ...field types... ] } を使用。

<?php
$ffi = FFI::cdef(<<<C
uint32_t FormatMessageA(
    uint32_t dwFlags,
    void* lpSource,
    uint32_t dwMessageId,
    uint32_t dwLanguageId,
    char* lpBuffer,
    uint32_t nSize,
    int8_t** Arguments);
C, "KERNEL32.dll");
// $ffi->FormatMessageA(dwFlags, lpSource, dwMessageId, dwLanguageId, lpBuffer, nSize, Arguments);
// dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
// lpSource : void* optional
// dwMessageId : DWORD
// dwLanguageId : DWORD
// lpBuffer : LPSTR out
// nSize : DWORD
// Arguments : CHAR** optional
// 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。
// WINAPI(stdcall): x64 では呼出規約が統一されるため問題なし。x86 では __stdcall 対応のラッパが必要な場合あり。

import com.sun.jna.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.*;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;
import com.sun.jna.win32.W32APIOptions;

public interface Kernel32 extends StdCallLibrary {
    Kernel32 INSTANCE = Native.load("kernel32", Kernel32.class, W32APIOptions.ASCII_OPTIONS);
    int FormatMessageA(
        int dwFlags,   // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
        Pointer lpSource,   // void* optional
        int dwMessageId,   // DWORD
        int dwLanguageId,   // DWORD
        byte[] lpBuffer,   // LPSTR out
        int nSize,   // DWORD
        Pointer Arguments   // CHAR** optional
    );
}

@[Link("kernel32")]
lib LibKERNEL32
  fun FormatMessageA = FormatMessageA(
    dwFlags : UInt32,   # FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
    lpSource : Void*,   # void* optional
    dwMessageId : UInt32,   # DWORD
    dwLanguageId : UInt32,   # DWORD
    lpBuffer : UInt8*,   # LPSTR out
    nSize : UInt32,   # DWORD
    Arguments : Int8**   # CHAR** optional
  ) : UInt32
end
# 構造体/GUID/enum は lib 内に対応する型定義が必要。
# 呼出規約: x64 は規約統一のため OK。x86(32bit)は WINAPI=stdcall だが Crystal の fun に stdcall 付与構文がなく非対応。

import 'dart:ffi';
import 'package:ffi/ffi.dart';

typedef FormatMessageANative = Uint32 Function(Uint32, Pointer<Void>, Uint32, Uint32, Pointer<Utf8>, Uint32, Pointer<Int8>);
typedef FormatMessageADart = int Function(int, Pointer<Void>, int, int, Pointer<Utf8>, int, Pointer<Int8>);
final FormatMessageA = DynamicLibrary.open('KERNEL32.dll')
    .lookupFunction<FormatMessageANative, FormatMessageADart>('FormatMessageA');
// dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> Uint32
// lpSource : void* optional -> Pointer<Void>
// dwMessageId : DWORD -> Uint32
// dwLanguageId : DWORD -> Uint32
// lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> Pointer<Utf8>
// nSize : DWORD -> Uint32
// Arguments : CHAR** optional -> Pointer<Int8>
// 文字列は package:ffi の "...".toNativeUtf16()/toNativeUtf8() で変換。

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
function FormatMessageA(
  dwFlags: DWORD;   // FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
  lpSource: Pointer;   // void* optional
  dwMessageId: DWORD;   // DWORD
  dwLanguageId: DWORD;   // DWORD
  lpBuffer: PAnsiChar;   // LPSTR out
  nSize: DWORD;   // DWORD
  Arguments: Pointer   // CHAR** optional
): DWORD; stdcall;
  external 'KERNEL32.dll' name 'FormatMessageA';

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String

foreign import stdcall safe "FormatMessageA"
  c_FormatMessageA :: Word32 -> Ptr () -> Word32 -> Word32 -> CString -> Word32 -> Ptr Int8 -> IO Word32
-- dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> Word32
-- lpSource : void* optional -> Ptr ()
-- dwMessageId : DWORD -> Word32
-- dwLanguageId : DWORD -> Word32
-- lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> CString
-- nSize : DWORD -> Word32
-- Arguments : CHAR** optional -> Ptr Int8
-- 要 GHC(Windows)。stdcall は x64 では ccall として扱われる。ブロックする API は safe 呼び出し推奨。

open Ctypes
open Foreign

let formatmessagea =
  foreign "FormatMessageA"
    (uint32_t @-> (ptr void) @-> uint32_t @-> uint32_t @-> string @-> uint32_t @-> (ptr int8_t) @-> returning uint32_t)
(* dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> uint32_t *)
(* lpSource : void* optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* dwMessageId : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* dwLanguageId : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> string *)
(* nSize : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* Arguments : CHAR** optional -> (ptr int8_t) *)
(* foreign は cdecl 前提。x64 Windows では WINAPI と一致。構造体は ctypes structure を定義のこと。 *)

(cffi:define-foreign-library kernel32 (t "KERNEL32.dll"))
(cffi:use-foreign-library kernel32)

(cffi:defcfun ("FormatMessageA" format-message-a :convention :stdcall) :uint32
  (dw-flags :uint32)   ; FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS
  (lp-source :pointer)   ; void* optional
  (dw-message-id :uint32)   ; DWORD
  (dw-language-id :uint32)   ; DWORD
  (lp-buffer :pointer)   ; LPSTR out
  (n-size :uint32)   ; DWORD
  (arguments :pointer))   ; CHAR** optional
; isize/usize(INT_PTR/SIZE_T)は x64 前提で :int64/:uint64。x86 では :int32/:uint32。

use Win32::API;
my $FormatMessageA = Win32::API::More->new('KERNEL32',
    'DWORD FormatMessageA(DWORD dwFlags, LPVOID lpSource, DWORD dwMessageId, DWORD dwLanguageId, LPSTR lpBuffer, DWORD nSize, LPVOID Arguments)');
# my $ret = $FormatMessageA->Call($dwFlags, $lpSource, $dwMessageId, $dwLanguageId, $lpBuffer, $nSize, $Arguments);
# dwFlags : FORMAT_MESSAGE_OPTIONS -> DWORD
# lpSource : void* optional -> LPVOID
# dwMessageId : DWORD -> DWORD
# dwLanguageId : DWORD -> DWORD
# lpBuffer : LPSTR out -> LPSTR
# nSize : DWORD -> DWORD
# Arguments : CHAR** optional -> LPVOID
# 値渡し構造体は pack() した文字列、または Win32::API::Struct を使用。