GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx

// KERNEL32.dll
#include <windows.h>

BOOL GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(
    LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP RelationshipType,
    SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* Buffer,   // optional
    DWORD* ReturnedLength
);

<DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(
    RelationshipType As Integer,   ' LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
    Buffer As IntPtr,   ' SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
    ByRef ReturnedLength As UInteger   ' DWORD* in/out
) As Boolean
End Function

' RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
' Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
' ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out
Declare PtrSafe Function GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx Lib "kernel32" ( _
    ByVal RelationshipType As Long, _
    ByVal Buffer As LongPtr, _
    ByRef ReturnedLength As Long) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx
GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx.restype = wintypes.BOOL
GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx.argtypes = [
    ctypes.c_int,  # RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
    ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),  # ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('KERNEL32.dll')
GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "kernel32")]
extern "system" {
    fn GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(
        RelationshipType: i32,  // LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
        Buffer: *mut SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX,  // SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
        ReturnedLength: *mut u32  // DWORD* in/out
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(int RelationshipType, IntPtr Buffer, ref uint ReturnedLength);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'KERNEL32_GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(RelationshipType, Buffer, ReturnedLength)

#uselib "KERNEL32.dll"
#func global GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx "GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx" sptr, sptr, sptr
; GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx RelationshipType, varptr(Buffer), varptr(ReturnedLength)   ; 戻り値は stat
; RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP -> "sptr"
; Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out -> "sptr"
; ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "KERNEL32.dll"
#cfunc global GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx "GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx" int, var, var
; res = GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(RelationshipType, Buffer, ReturnedLength)
; RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP -> "int"
; Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out -> "var"
; ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; BOOL GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP RelationshipType, SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* Buffer, DWORD* ReturnedLength)
#uselib "KERNEL32.dll"
#cfunc global GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx "GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx" int, var, var
; res = GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(RelationshipType, Buffer, ReturnedLength)
; RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP -> "int"
; Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out -> "var"
; ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	kernel32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("KERNEL32.dll")
	procGetLogicalProcessorInformationEx = kernel32.NewProc("GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx")
)

// RelationshipType (LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP), Buffer (SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out), ReturnedLength (DWORD* in/out)
r1, _, err := procGetLogicalProcessorInformationEx.Call(
	uintptr(RelationshipType),
	uintptr(Buffer),
	uintptr(ReturnedLength),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // BOOL

function GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(
  RelationshipType: Integer;   // LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
  Buffer: Pointer;   // SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
  ReturnedLength: Pointer   // DWORD* in/out
): BOOL; stdcall;
  external 'KERNEL32.dll' name 'GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx';

result := DllCall("KERNEL32\GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx"
    , "Int", RelationshipType   ; LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP
    , "Ptr", Buffer   ; SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out
    , "Ptr", ReturnedLength   ; DWORD* in/out
    , "Int")   ; return: BOOL

●GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(RelationshipType, Buffer, ReturnedLength) = DLL("KERNEL32.dll", "bool GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(int, void*, void*)")
# 呼び出し: GetLogicalProcessorInformationEx(RelationshipType, Buffer, ReturnedLength)
# RelationshipType : LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_RELATIONSHIP -> "int"
# Buffer : SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION_EX* optional, out -> "void*"
# ReturnedLength : DWORD* in/out -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。