AssocQueryStringA

// SHLWAPI.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

HRESULT AssocQueryStringA(
    ASSOCF flags,
    ASSOCSTR str,
    LPCSTR pszAssoc,
    LPCSTR pszExtra,   // optional
    LPSTR pszOut,   // optional
    DWORD* pcchOut
);

<DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function AssocQueryStringA(
    flags As UInteger,   ' ASSOCF
    str As Integer,   ' ASSOCSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pszAssoc As String,   ' LPCSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pszExtra As String,   ' LPCSTR optional
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pszOut As System.Text.StringBuilder,   ' LPSTR optional, out
    ByRef pcchOut As UInteger   ' DWORD* in/out
) As Integer
End Function

' flags : ASSOCF
' str : ASSOCSTR
' pszAssoc : LPCSTR
' pszExtra : LPCSTR optional
' pszOut : LPSTR optional, out
' pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
Declare PtrSafe Function AssocQueryStringA Lib "shlwapi" ( _
    ByVal flags As Long, _
    ByVal str As Long, _
    ByVal pszAssoc As String, _
    ByVal pszExtra As String, _
    ByVal pszOut As String, _
    ByRef pcchOut As Long) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

AssocQueryStringA = ctypes.windll.shlwapi.AssocQueryStringA
AssocQueryStringA.restype = ctypes.c_int
AssocQueryStringA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.DWORD,  # flags : ASSOCF
    ctypes.c_int,  # str : ASSOCSTR
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # pszAssoc : LPCSTR
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # pszExtra : LPCSTR optional
    wintypes.LPSTR,  # pszOut : LPSTR optional, out
    ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),  # pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('SHLWAPI.dll')
AssocQueryStringA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['AssocQueryStringA'],
  [
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # flags : ASSOCF
    Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # str : ASSOCSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszAssoc : LPCSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszExtra : LPCSTR optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszOut : LPSTR optional, out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "shlwapi")]
extern "system" {
    fn AssocQueryStringA(
        flags: u32,  // ASSOCF
        str: i32,  // ASSOCSTR
        pszAssoc: *const u8,  // LPCSTR
        pszExtra: *const u8,  // LPCSTR optional
        pszOut: *mut u8,  // LPSTR optional, out
        pcchOut: *mut u32  // DWORD* in/out
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern int AssocQueryStringA(uint flags, int str, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pszAssoc, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pszExtra, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszOut, ref uint pcchOut);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'SHLWAPI_AssocQueryStringA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::AssocQueryStringA(flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, pszOut, pcchOut)

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#func global AssocQueryStringA "AssocQueryStringA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; AssocQueryStringA flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, varptr(pszOut), varptr(pcchOut)   ; 戻り値は stat
; flags : ASSOCF -> "sptr"
; str : ASSOCSTR -> "sptr"
; pszAssoc : LPCSTR -> "sptr"
; pszExtra : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; pszOut : LPSTR optional, out -> "sptr"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global AssocQueryStringA "AssocQueryStringA" int, int, str, str, var, var
; res = AssocQueryStringA(flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, pszOut, pcchOut)
; flags : ASSOCF -> "int"
; str : ASSOCSTR -> "int"
; pszAssoc : LPCSTR -> "str"
; pszExtra : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pszOut : LPSTR optional, out -> "var"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; HRESULT AssocQueryStringA(ASSOCF flags, ASSOCSTR str, LPCSTR pszAssoc, LPCSTR pszExtra, LPSTR pszOut, DWORD* pcchOut)
#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global AssocQueryStringA "AssocQueryStringA" int, int, str, str, var, var
; res = AssocQueryStringA(flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, pszOut, pcchOut)
; flags : ASSOCF -> "int"
; str : ASSOCSTR -> "int"
; pszAssoc : LPCSTR -> "str"
; pszExtra : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pszOut : LPSTR optional, out -> "var"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	shlwapi = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("SHLWAPI.dll")
	procAssocQueryStringA = shlwapi.NewProc("AssocQueryStringA")
)

// flags (ASSOCF), str (ASSOCSTR), pszAssoc (LPCSTR), pszExtra (LPCSTR optional), pszOut (LPSTR optional, out), pcchOut (DWORD* in/out)
r1, _, err := procAssocQueryStringA.Call(
	uintptr(flags),
	uintptr(str),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(pszAssoc))),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(pszExtra))),
	uintptr(pszOut),
	uintptr(pcchOut),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HRESULT

function AssocQueryStringA(
  flags: DWORD;   // ASSOCF
  str: Integer;   // ASSOCSTR
  pszAssoc: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR
  pszExtra: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  pszOut: PAnsiChar;   // LPSTR optional, out
  pcchOut: Pointer   // DWORD* in/out
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'SHLWAPI.dll' name 'AssocQueryStringA';

result := DllCall("SHLWAPI\AssocQueryStringA"
    , "UInt", flags   ; ASSOCF
    , "Int", str   ; ASSOCSTR
    , "AStr", pszAssoc   ; LPCSTR
    , "AStr", pszExtra   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "Ptr", pszOut   ; LPSTR optional, out
    , "Ptr", pcchOut   ; DWORD* in/out
    , "Int")   ; return: HRESULT

●AssocQueryStringA(flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, pszOut, pcchOut) = DLL("SHLWAPI.dll", "int AssocQueryStringA(dword, int, char*, char*, char*, void*)")
# 呼び出し: AssocQueryStringA(flags, str, pszAssoc, pszExtra, pszOut, pcchOut)
# flags : ASSOCF -> "dword"
# str : ASSOCSTR -> "int"
# pszAssoc : LPCSTR -> "char*"
# pszExtra : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# pszOut : LPSTR optional, out -> "char*"
# pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。