UrlCanonicalizeW

// SHLWAPI.dll  (Unicode / -W)
#include <windows.h>

HRESULT UrlCanonicalizeW(
    LPCWSTR pszUrl,
    LPWSTR pszCanonicalized,
    DWORD* pcchCanonicalized,
    DWORD dwFlags
);

<DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function UrlCanonicalizeW(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> pszUrl As String,   ' LPCWSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> pszCanonicalized As System.Text.StringBuilder,   ' LPWSTR out
    ByRef pcchCanonicalized As UInteger,   ' DWORD* in/out
    dwFlags As UInteger   ' DWORD
) As Integer
End Function

' pszUrl : LPCWSTR
' pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out
' pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out
' dwFlags : DWORD
Declare PtrSafe Function UrlCanonicalizeW Lib "shlwapi" ( _
    ByVal pszUrl As LongPtr, _
    ByVal pszCanonicalized As LongPtr, _
    ByRef pcchCanonicalized As Long, _
    ByVal dwFlags As Long) As Long
' Unicode(W): 文字列は ByVal As LongPtr とし StrPtr(unicodeStr) を渡す
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

UrlCanonicalizeW = ctypes.windll.shlwapi.UrlCanonicalizeW
UrlCanonicalizeW.restype = ctypes.c_int
UrlCanonicalizeW.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCWSTR,  # pszUrl : LPCWSTR
    wintypes.LPWSTR,  # pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out
    ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),  # pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwFlags : DWORD
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('SHLWAPI.dll')
UrlCanonicalizeW = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['UrlCanonicalizeW'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszUrl : LPCWSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwFlags : DWORD
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)
# Wide strings: pass str.encode("UTF-16LE") + "\x00\x00"

#[link(name = "shlwapi")]
extern "system" {
    fn UrlCanonicalizeW(
        pszUrl: *const u16,  // LPCWSTR
        pszCanonicalized: *mut u16,  // LPWSTR out
        pcchCanonicalized: *mut u32,  // DWORD* in/out
        dwFlags: u32  // DWORD
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern int UrlCanonicalizeW([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszUrl, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszCanonicalized, ref uint pcchCanonicalized, uint dwFlags);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'SHLWAPI_UrlCanonicalizeW' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::UrlCanonicalizeW(pszUrl, pszCanonicalized, pcchCanonicalized, dwFlags)

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#func global UrlCanonicalizeW "UrlCanonicalizeW" wptr, wptr, wptr, wptr
; UrlCanonicalizeW pszUrl, varptr(pszCanonicalized), varptr(pcchCanonicalized), dwFlags   ; 戻り値は stat
; pszUrl : LPCWSTR -> "wptr"
; pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out -> "wptr"
; pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out -> "wptr"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "wptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global UrlCanonicalizeW "UrlCanonicalizeW" wstr, var, var, int
; res = UrlCanonicalizeW(pszUrl, pszCanonicalized, pcchCanonicalized, dwFlags)
; pszUrl : LPCWSTR -> "wstr"
; pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out -> "var"
; pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; HRESULT UrlCanonicalizeW(LPCWSTR pszUrl, LPWSTR pszCanonicalized, DWORD* pcchCanonicalized, DWORD dwFlags)
#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global UrlCanonicalizeW "UrlCanonicalizeW" wstr, var, var, int
; res = UrlCanonicalizeW(pszUrl, pszCanonicalized, pcchCanonicalized, dwFlags)
; pszUrl : LPCWSTR -> "wstr"
; pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out -> "var"
; pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	shlwapi = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("SHLWAPI.dll")
	procUrlCanonicalizeW = shlwapi.NewProc("UrlCanonicalizeW")
)

// pszUrl (LPCWSTR), pszCanonicalized (LPWSTR out), pcchCanonicalized (DWORD* in/out), dwFlags (DWORD)
r1, _, err := procUrlCanonicalizeW.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.StringToUTF16Ptr(pszUrl))),
	uintptr(pszCanonicalized),
	uintptr(pcchCanonicalized),
	uintptr(dwFlags),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HRESULT

function UrlCanonicalizeW(
  pszUrl: PWideChar;   // LPCWSTR
  pszCanonicalized: PWideChar;   // LPWSTR out
  pcchCanonicalized: Pointer;   // DWORD* in/out
  dwFlags: DWORD   // DWORD
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'SHLWAPI.dll' name 'UrlCanonicalizeW';

result := DllCall("SHLWAPI\UrlCanonicalizeW"
    , "WStr", pszUrl   ; LPCWSTR
    , "Ptr", pszCanonicalized   ; LPWSTR out
    , "Ptr", pcchCanonicalized   ; DWORD* in/out
    , "UInt", dwFlags   ; DWORD
    , "Int")   ; return: HRESULT

●UrlCanonicalizeW(pszUrl, pszCanonicalized, pcchCanonicalized, dwFlags) = DLL("SHLWAPI.dll", "int UrlCanonicalizeW(char*, char*, void*, dword)")
# 呼び出し: UrlCanonicalizeW(pszUrl, pszCanonicalized, pcchCanonicalized, dwFlags)
# pszUrl : LPCWSTR -> "char*"
# pszCanonicalized : LPWSTR out -> "char*"
# pcchCanonicalized : DWORD* in/out -> "void*"
# dwFlags : DWORD -> "dword"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。
# ※-W(Unicode)関数。なでしこ1はANSIのため -A 版の利用を推奨。