UrlGetPartA

// SHLWAPI.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

HRESULT UrlGetPartA(
    LPCSTR pszIn,
    LPSTR pszOut,
    DWORD* pcchOut,
    DWORD dwPart,
    DWORD dwFlags
);

<DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function UrlGetPartA(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pszIn As String,   ' LPCSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pszOut As System.Text.StringBuilder,   ' LPSTR out
    ByRef pcchOut As UInteger,   ' DWORD* in/out
    dwPart As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    dwFlags As UInteger   ' DWORD
) As Integer
End Function

' pszIn : LPCSTR
' pszOut : LPSTR out
' pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
' dwPart : DWORD
' dwFlags : DWORD
Declare PtrSafe Function UrlGetPartA Lib "shlwapi" ( _
    ByVal pszIn As String, _
    ByVal pszOut As String, _
    ByRef pcchOut As Long, _
    ByVal dwPart As Long, _
    ByVal dwFlags As Long) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

UrlGetPartA = ctypes.windll.shlwapi.UrlGetPartA
UrlGetPartA.restype = ctypes.c_int
UrlGetPartA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # pszIn : LPCSTR
    wintypes.LPSTR,  # pszOut : LPSTR out
    ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),  # pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwPart : DWORD
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwFlags : DWORD
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('SHLWAPI.dll')
UrlGetPartA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['UrlGetPartA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszIn : LPCSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszOut : LPSTR out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pcchOut : DWORD* in/out
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwPart : DWORD
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwFlags : DWORD
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "shlwapi")]
extern "system" {
    fn UrlGetPartA(
        pszIn: *const u8,  // LPCSTR
        pszOut: *mut u8,  // LPSTR out
        pcchOut: *mut u32,  // DWORD* in/out
        dwPart: u32,  // DWORD
        dwFlags: u32  // DWORD
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern int UrlGetPartA([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pszIn, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszOut, ref uint pcchOut, uint dwPart, uint dwFlags);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'SHLWAPI_UrlGetPartA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::UrlGetPartA(pszIn, pszOut, pcchOut, dwPart, dwFlags)

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#func global UrlGetPartA "UrlGetPartA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; UrlGetPartA pszIn, varptr(pszOut), varptr(pcchOut), dwPart, dwFlags   ; 戻り値は stat
; pszIn : LPCSTR -> "sptr"
; pszOut : LPSTR out -> "sptr"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "sptr"
; dwPart : DWORD -> "sptr"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global UrlGetPartA "UrlGetPartA" str, var, var, int, int
; res = UrlGetPartA(pszIn, pszOut, pcchOut, dwPart, dwFlags)
; pszIn : LPCSTR -> "str"
; pszOut : LPSTR out -> "var"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; dwPart : DWORD -> "int"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; HRESULT UrlGetPartA(LPCSTR pszIn, LPSTR pszOut, DWORD* pcchOut, DWORD dwPart, DWORD dwFlags)
#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global UrlGetPartA "UrlGetPartA" str, var, var, int, int
; res = UrlGetPartA(pszIn, pszOut, pcchOut, dwPart, dwFlags)
; pszIn : LPCSTR -> "str"
; pszOut : LPSTR out -> "var"
; pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "var"
; dwPart : DWORD -> "int"
; dwFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	shlwapi = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("SHLWAPI.dll")
	procUrlGetPartA = shlwapi.NewProc("UrlGetPartA")
)

// pszIn (LPCSTR), pszOut (LPSTR out), pcchOut (DWORD* in/out), dwPart (DWORD), dwFlags (DWORD)
r1, _, err := procUrlGetPartA.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(pszIn))),
	uintptr(pszOut),
	uintptr(pcchOut),
	uintptr(dwPart),
	uintptr(dwFlags),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HRESULT

function UrlGetPartA(
  pszIn: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR
  pszOut: PAnsiChar;   // LPSTR out
  pcchOut: Pointer;   // DWORD* in/out
  dwPart: DWORD;   // DWORD
  dwFlags: DWORD   // DWORD
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'SHLWAPI.dll' name 'UrlGetPartA';

result := DllCall("SHLWAPI\UrlGetPartA"
    , "AStr", pszIn   ; LPCSTR
    , "Ptr", pszOut   ; LPSTR out
    , "Ptr", pcchOut   ; DWORD* in/out
    , "UInt", dwPart   ; DWORD
    , "UInt", dwFlags   ; DWORD
    , "Int")   ; return: HRESULT

●UrlGetPartA(pszIn, pszOut, pcchOut, dwPart, dwFlags) = DLL("SHLWAPI.dll", "int UrlGetPartA(char*, char*, void*, dword, dword)")
# 呼び出し: UrlGetPartA(pszIn, pszOut, pcchOut, dwPart, dwFlags)
# pszIn : LPCSTR -> "char*"
# pszOut : LPSTR out -> "char*"
# pcchOut : DWORD* in/out -> "void*"
# dwPart : DWORD -> "dword"
# dwFlags : DWORD -> "dword"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。