GetAncestor

// USER32.dll
#include <windows.h>

HWND GetAncestor(
    HWND hwnd,
    GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS gaFlags
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function GetAncestor(
    hwnd As IntPtr,   ' HWND
    gaFlags As UInteger   ' GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
) As IntPtr
End Function

' hwnd : HWND
' gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
Declare PtrSafe Function GetAncestor Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal hwnd As LongPtr, _
    ByVal gaFlags As Long) As LongPtr
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

GetAncestor = ctypes.windll.user32.GetAncestor
GetAncestor.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
GetAncestor.argtypes = [
    wintypes.HANDLE,  # hwnd : HWND
    wintypes.DWORD,  # gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
GetAncestor = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['GetAncestor'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # hwnd : HWND
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn GetAncestor(
        hwnd: *mut core::ffi::c_void,  // HWND
        gaFlags: u32  // GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
    ) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetAncestor(IntPtr hwnd, uint gaFlags);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_GetAncestor' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::GetAncestor(hwnd, gaFlags)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global GetAncestor "GetAncestor" sptr, sptr
; GetAncestor hwnd, gaFlags   ; 戻り値は stat
; hwnd : HWND -> "sptr"
; gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global GetAncestor "GetAncestor" sptr, int
; res = GetAncestor(hwnd, gaFlags)
; hwnd : HWND -> "sptr"
; gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS -> "int"

; HWND GetAncestor(HWND hwnd, GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS gaFlags)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global GetAncestor "GetAncestor" intptr, int
; res = GetAncestor(hwnd, gaFlags)
; hwnd : HWND -> "intptr"
; gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS -> "int"

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procGetAncestor = user32.NewProc("GetAncestor")
)

// hwnd (HWND), gaFlags (GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS)
r1, _, err := procGetAncestor.Call(
	uintptr(hwnd),
	uintptr(gaFlags),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HWND

function GetAncestor(
  hwnd: THandle;   // HWND
  gaFlags: DWORD   // GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'GetAncestor';

result := DllCall("USER32\GetAncestor"
    , "Ptr", hwnd   ; HWND
    , "UInt", gaFlags   ; GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS
    , "Ptr")   ; return: HWND

●GetAncestor(hwnd, gaFlags) = DLL("USER32.dll", "void* GetAncestor(void*, dword)")
# 呼び出し: GetAncestor(hwnd, gaFlags)
# hwnd : HWND -> "void*"
# gaFlags : GET_ANCESTOR_FLAGS -> "dword"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。