ToAscii

// USER32.dll
#include <windows.h>

INT ToAscii(
    DWORD uVirtKey,
    DWORD uScanCode,
    const BYTE* lpKeyState,   // optional
    WORD* lpChar,
    DWORD uFlags
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function ToAscii(
    uVirtKey As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    uScanCode As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    lpKeyState As IntPtr,   ' BYTE* optional
    <Out> ByRef lpChar As UShort,   ' WORD* out
    uFlags As UInteger   ' DWORD
) As Integer
End Function

' uVirtKey : DWORD
' uScanCode : DWORD
' lpKeyState : BYTE* optional
' lpChar : WORD* out
' uFlags : DWORD
Declare PtrSafe Function ToAscii Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal uVirtKey As Long, _
    ByVal uScanCode As Long, _
    ByVal lpKeyState As LongPtr, _
    ByRef lpChar As Integer, _
    ByVal uFlags As Long) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

ToAscii = ctypes.windll.user32.ToAscii
ToAscii.restype = ctypes.c_int
ToAscii.argtypes = [
    wintypes.DWORD,  # uVirtKey : DWORD
    wintypes.DWORD,  # uScanCode : DWORD
    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ubyte),  # lpKeyState : BYTE* optional
    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ushort),  # lpChar : WORD* out
    wintypes.DWORD,  # uFlags : DWORD
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
ToAscii = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['ToAscii'],
  [
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # uVirtKey : DWORD
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # uScanCode : DWORD
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpKeyState : BYTE* optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpChar : WORD* out
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # uFlags : DWORD
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn ToAscii(
        uVirtKey: u32,  // DWORD
        uScanCode: u32,  // DWORD
        lpKeyState: *const u8,  // BYTE* optional
        lpChar: *mut u16,  // WORD* out
        uFlags: u32  // DWORD
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll")]
public static extern int ToAscii(uint uVirtKey, uint uScanCode, IntPtr lpKeyState, out ushort lpChar, uint uFlags);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_ToAscii' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::ToAscii(uVirtKey, uScanCode, lpKeyState, lpChar, uFlags)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global ToAscii "ToAscii" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; ToAscii uVirtKey, uScanCode, varptr(lpKeyState), varptr(lpChar), uFlags   ; 戻り値は stat
; uVirtKey : DWORD -> "sptr"
; uScanCode : DWORD -> "sptr"
; lpKeyState : BYTE* optional -> "sptr"
; lpChar : WORD* out -> "sptr"
; uFlags : DWORD -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global ToAscii "ToAscii" int, int, var, var, int
; res = ToAscii(uVirtKey, uScanCode, lpKeyState, lpChar, uFlags)
; uVirtKey : DWORD -> "int"
; uScanCode : DWORD -> "int"
; lpKeyState : BYTE* optional -> "var"
; lpChar : WORD* out -> "var"
; uFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; INT ToAscii(DWORD uVirtKey, DWORD uScanCode, BYTE* lpKeyState, WORD* lpChar, DWORD uFlags)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global ToAscii "ToAscii" int, int, var, var, int
; res = ToAscii(uVirtKey, uScanCode, lpKeyState, lpChar, uFlags)
; uVirtKey : DWORD -> "int"
; uScanCode : DWORD -> "int"
; lpKeyState : BYTE* optional -> "var"
; lpChar : WORD* out -> "var"
; uFlags : DWORD -> "int"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procToAscii = user32.NewProc("ToAscii")
)

// uVirtKey (DWORD), uScanCode (DWORD), lpKeyState (BYTE* optional), lpChar (WORD* out), uFlags (DWORD)
r1, _, err := procToAscii.Call(
	uintptr(uVirtKey),
	uintptr(uScanCode),
	uintptr(lpKeyState),
	uintptr(lpChar),
	uintptr(uFlags),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // INT

function ToAscii(
  uVirtKey: DWORD;   // DWORD
  uScanCode: DWORD;   // DWORD
  lpKeyState: Pointer;   // BYTE* optional
  lpChar: Pointer;   // WORD* out
  uFlags: DWORD   // DWORD
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'ToAscii';

result := DllCall("USER32\ToAscii"
    , "UInt", uVirtKey   ; DWORD
    , "UInt", uScanCode   ; DWORD
    , "Ptr", lpKeyState   ; BYTE* optional
    , "Ptr", lpChar   ; WORD* out
    , "UInt", uFlags   ; DWORD
    , "Int")   ; return: INT

●ToAscii(uVirtKey, uScanCode, lpKeyState, lpChar, uFlags) = DLL("USER32.dll", "int ToAscii(dword, dword, void*, void*, dword)")
# 呼び出し: ToAscii(uVirtKey, uScanCode, lpKeyState, lpChar, uFlags)
# uVirtKey : DWORD -> "dword"
# uScanCode : DWORD -> "dword"
# lpKeyState : BYTE* optional -> "void*"
# lpChar : WORD* out -> "void*"
# uFlags : DWORD -> "dword"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。