AssocGetPerceivedType

// SHLWAPI.dll
#include <windows.h>

HRESULT AssocGetPerceivedType(
    LPCWSTR pszExt,
    PERCEIVED* ptype,
    DWORD* pflag,
    LPWSTR* ppszType   // optional
);

<DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll", ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function AssocGetPerceivedType(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)> pszExt As String,   ' LPCWSTR
    <Out> ByRef ptype As Integer,   ' PERCEIVED* out
    <Out> ByRef pflag As UInteger,   ' DWORD* out
    ppszType As IntPtr   ' LPWSTR* optional, out
) As Integer
End Function

' pszExt : LPCWSTR
' ptype : PERCEIVED* out
' pflag : DWORD* out
' ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out
Declare PtrSafe Function AssocGetPerceivedType Lib "shlwapi" ( _
    ByVal pszExt As LongPtr, _
    ByRef ptype As Long, _
    ByRef pflag As Long, _
    ByVal ppszType As LongPtr) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

AssocGetPerceivedType = ctypes.windll.shlwapi.AssocGetPerceivedType
AssocGetPerceivedType.restype = ctypes.c_int
AssocGetPerceivedType.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCWSTR,  # pszExt : LPCWSTR
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # ptype : PERCEIVED* out
    ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),  # pflag : DWORD* out
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('SHLWAPI.dll')
AssocGetPerceivedType = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['AssocGetPerceivedType'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pszExt : LPCWSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # ptype : PERCEIVED* out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pflag : DWORD* out
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "shlwapi")]
extern "system" {
    fn AssocGetPerceivedType(
        pszExt: *const u16,  // LPCWSTR
        ptype: *mut i32,  // PERCEIVED* out
        pflag: *mut u32,  // DWORD* out
        ppszType: *mut *mut u16  // LPWSTR* optional, out
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("SHLWAPI.dll")]
public static extern int AssocGetPerceivedType([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszExt, out int ptype, out uint pflag, IntPtr ppszType);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'SHLWAPI_AssocGetPerceivedType' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::AssocGetPerceivedType(pszExt, ptype, pflag, ppszType)

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#func global AssocGetPerceivedType "AssocGetPerceivedType" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; AssocGetPerceivedType pszExt, ptype, varptr(pflag), varptr(ppszType)   ; 戻り値は stat
; pszExt : LPCWSTR -> "sptr"
; ptype : PERCEIVED* out -> "sptr"
; pflag : DWORD* out -> "sptr"
; ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global AssocGetPerceivedType "AssocGetPerceivedType" wstr, int, var, var
; res = AssocGetPerceivedType(pszExt, ptype, pflag, ppszType)
; pszExt : LPCWSTR -> "wstr"
; ptype : PERCEIVED* out -> "int"
; pflag : DWORD* out -> "var"
; ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; HRESULT AssocGetPerceivedType(LPCWSTR pszExt, PERCEIVED* ptype, DWORD* pflag, LPWSTR* ppszType)
#uselib "SHLWAPI.dll"
#cfunc global AssocGetPerceivedType "AssocGetPerceivedType" wstr, int, var, var
; res = AssocGetPerceivedType(pszExt, ptype, pflag, ppszType)
; pszExt : LPCWSTR -> "wstr"
; ptype : PERCEIVED* out -> "int"
; pflag : DWORD* out -> "var"
; ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	shlwapi = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("SHLWAPI.dll")
	procAssocGetPerceivedType = shlwapi.NewProc("AssocGetPerceivedType")
)

// pszExt (LPCWSTR), ptype (PERCEIVED* out), pflag (DWORD* out), ppszType (LPWSTR* optional, out)
r1, _, err := procAssocGetPerceivedType.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.StringToUTF16Ptr(pszExt))),
	uintptr(ptype),
	uintptr(pflag),
	uintptr(ppszType),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HRESULT

function AssocGetPerceivedType(
  pszExt: PWideChar;   // LPCWSTR
  ptype: Pointer;   // PERCEIVED* out
  pflag: Pointer;   // DWORD* out
  ppszType: PPWideChar   // LPWSTR* optional, out
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'SHLWAPI.dll' name 'AssocGetPerceivedType';

result := DllCall("SHLWAPI\AssocGetPerceivedType"
    , "WStr", pszExt   ; LPCWSTR
    , "Ptr", ptype   ; PERCEIVED* out
    , "Ptr", pflag   ; DWORD* out
    , "Ptr", ppszType   ; LPWSTR* optional, out
    , "Int")   ; return: HRESULT

●AssocGetPerceivedType(pszExt, ptype, pflag, ppszType) = DLL("SHLWAPI.dll", "int AssocGetPerceivedType(char*, void*, void*, void*)")
# 呼び出し: AssocGetPerceivedType(pszExt, ptype, pflag, ppszType)
# pszExt : LPCWSTR -> "char*"
# ptype : PERCEIVED* out -> "void*"
# pflag : DWORD* out -> "void*"
# ppszType : LPWSTR* optional, out -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。