FindWindowExA

// USER32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

HWND FindWindowExA(
    HWND hWndParent,   // optional
    HWND hWndChildAfter,   // optional
    LPCSTR lpszClass,   // optional
    LPCSTR lpszWindow   // optional
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function FindWindowExA(
    hWndParent As IntPtr,   ' HWND optional
    hWndChildAfter As IntPtr,   ' HWND optional
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszClass As String,   ' LPCSTR optional
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszWindow As String   ' LPCSTR optional
) As IntPtr
End Function

' hWndParent : HWND optional
' hWndChildAfter : HWND optional
' lpszClass : LPCSTR optional
' lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional
Declare PtrSafe Function FindWindowExA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal hWndParent As LongPtr, _
    ByVal hWndChildAfter As LongPtr, _
    ByVal lpszClass As String, _
    ByVal lpszWindow As String) As LongPtr
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

FindWindowExA = ctypes.windll.user32.FindWindowExA
FindWindowExA.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
FindWindowExA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.HANDLE,  # hWndParent : HWND optional
    wintypes.HANDLE,  # hWndChildAfter : HWND optional
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszClass : LPCSTR optional
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
FindWindowExA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['FindWindowExA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # hWndParent : HWND optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # hWndChildAfter : HWND optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszClass : LPCSTR optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn FindWindowExA(
        hWndParent: *mut core::ffi::c_void,  // HWND optional
        hWndChildAfter: *mut core::ffi::c_void,  // HWND optional
        lpszClass: *const u8,  // LPCSTR optional
        lpszWindow: *const u8  // LPCSTR optional
    ) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindowExA(IntPtr hWndParent, IntPtr hWndChildAfter, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszClass, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszWindow);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_FindWindowExA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global FindWindowExA "FindWindowExA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; FindWindowExA hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow   ; 戻り値は stat
; hWndParent : HWND optional -> "sptr"
; hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> "sptr"
; lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global FindWindowExA "FindWindowExA" sptr, sptr, str, str
; res = FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
; hWndParent : HWND optional -> "sptr"
; hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> "sptr"
; lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> "str"

; HWND FindWindowExA(HWND hWndParent, HWND hWndChildAfter, LPCSTR lpszClass, LPCSTR lpszWindow)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global FindWindowExA "FindWindowExA" intptr, intptr, str, str
; res = FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
; hWndParent : HWND optional -> "intptr"
; hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> "intptr"
; lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> "str"

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procFindWindowExA = user32.NewProc("FindWindowExA")
)

// hWndParent (HWND optional), hWndChildAfter (HWND optional), lpszClass (LPCSTR optional), lpszWindow (LPCSTR optional)
r1, _, err := procFindWindowExA.Call(
	uintptr(hWndParent),
	uintptr(hWndChildAfter),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszClass))),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszWindow))),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HWND

function FindWindowExA(
  hWndParent: THandle;   // HWND optional
  hWndChildAfter: THandle;   // HWND optional
  lpszClass: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  lpszWindow: PAnsiChar   // LPCSTR optional
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'FindWindowExA';

result := DllCall("USER32\FindWindowExA"
    , "Ptr", hWndParent   ; HWND optional
    , "Ptr", hWndChildAfter   ; HWND optional
    , "AStr", lpszClass   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "AStr", lpszWindow   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "Ptr")   ; return: HWND

●FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow) = DLL("USER32.dll", "void* FindWindowExA(void*, void*, char*, char*)")
# 呼び出し: FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
# hWndParent : HWND optional -> "void*"
# hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> "void*"
# lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。

const std = @import("std");

extern "user32" fn FindWindowExA(
    hWndParent: ?*anyopaque, // HWND optional
    hWndChildAfter: ?*anyopaque, // HWND optional
    lpszClass: [*c]const u8, // LPCSTR optional
    lpszWindow: [*c]const u8 // LPCSTR optional
) callconv(std.os.windows.WINAPI) ?*anyopaque;

proc FindWindowExA(
    hWndParent: pointer,  # HWND optional
    hWndChildAfter: pointer,  # HWND optional
    lpszClass: cstring,  # LPCSTR optional
    lpszWindow: cstring  # LPCSTR optional
): pointer {.importc: "FindWindowExA", stdcall, dynlib: "USER32.dll".}

pragma(lib, "user32");
extern(Windows)
void* FindWindowExA(
    void* hWndParent,   // HWND optional
    void* hWndChildAfter,   // HWND optional
    const(char)* lpszClass,   // LPCSTR optional
    const(char)* lpszWindow   // LPCSTR optional
);

ccall((:FindWindowExA, "USER32.dll"), stdcall, Ptr{Cvoid},
      (Ptr{Cvoid}, Ptr{Cvoid}, Cstring, Cstring),
      hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
# hWndParent : HWND optional -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> Cstring
# lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> Cstring
# stdcall は 32bit のみ意味を持つ(x64 では無視)。

local ffi = require("ffi")
ffi.cdef[[
void* FindWindowExA(
    void* hWndParent,
    void* hWndChildAfter,
    const char* lpszClass,
    const char* lpszWindow);
]]
local user32 = ffi.load("user32")
-- user32.FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
-- hWndParent : HWND optional
-- hWndChildAfter : HWND optional
-- lpszClass : LPCSTR optional
-- lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional
-- 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。

const koffi = require('koffi');
const lib = koffi.load('USER32.dll');
const FindWindowExA = lib.func('__stdcall', 'FindWindowExA', 'void *', ['void *', 'void *', 'str', 'str']);
// FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
// hWndParent : HWND optional -> 'void *'
// hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> 'void *'
// lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> 'str'
// lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> 'str'
// 出力ポインタは koffi.out(...) で包む。構造体は koffi.struct で定義。

const lib = Deno.dlopen("USER32.dll", {
  FindWindowExA: { parameters: ["pointer", "pointer", "buffer", "buffer"], result: "pointer" },
});
// lib.symbols.FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow)
// hWndParent : HWND optional -> "pointer"
// hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> "pointer"
// lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> "buffer"
// lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> "buffer"
// 文字列は "buffer"。ANSI(-A) は new TextEncoder() で UTF-8/ANSI バイト列(末尾に \x00)を渡す。
// 値渡し構造体は { struct: [ ...field types... ] } を使用。

<?php
$ffi = FFI::cdef(<<<C
void* FindWindowExA(
    void* hWndParent,
    void* hWndChildAfter,
    const char* lpszClass,
    const char* lpszWindow);
C, "USER32.dll");
// $ffi->FindWindowExA(hWndParent, hWndChildAfter, lpszClass, lpszWindow);
// hWndParent : HWND optional
// hWndChildAfter : HWND optional
// lpszClass : LPCSTR optional
// lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional
// 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。
// WINAPI(stdcall): x64 では呼出規約が統一されるため問題なし。x86 では __stdcall 対応のラッパが必要な場合あり。

import com.sun.jna.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.*;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;
import com.sun.jna.win32.W32APIOptions;

public interface User32 extends StdCallLibrary {
    User32 INSTANCE = Native.load("user32", User32.class, W32APIOptions.ASCII_OPTIONS);
    Pointer FindWindowExA(
        Pointer hWndParent,   // HWND optional
        Pointer hWndChildAfter,   // HWND optional
        String lpszClass,   // LPCSTR optional
        String lpszWindow   // LPCSTR optional
    );
}

@[Link("user32")]
lib LibUSER32
  fun FindWindowExA = FindWindowExA(
    hWndParent : Void*,   # HWND optional
    hWndChildAfter : Void*,   # HWND optional
    lpszClass : UInt8*,   # LPCSTR optional
    lpszWindow : UInt8*   # LPCSTR optional
  ) : Void*
end
# 構造体/GUID/enum は lib 内に対応する型定義が必要。
# 呼出規約: x64 は規約統一のため OK。x86(32bit)は WINAPI=stdcall だが Crystal の fun に stdcall 付与構文がなく非対応。

import 'dart:ffi';
import 'package:ffi/ffi.dart';

typedef FindWindowExANative = Pointer<Void> Function(Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Utf8>);
typedef FindWindowExADart = Pointer<Void> Function(Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Utf8>);
final FindWindowExA = DynamicLibrary.open('USER32.dll')
    .lookupFunction<FindWindowExANative, FindWindowExADart>('FindWindowExA');
// hWndParent : HWND optional -> Pointer<Void>
// hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> Pointer<Void>
// lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> Pointer<Utf8>
// lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> Pointer<Utf8>
// 文字列は package:ffi の "...".toNativeUtf16()/toNativeUtf8() で変換。

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
function FindWindowExA(
  hWndParent: THandle;   // HWND optional
  hWndChildAfter: THandle;   // HWND optional
  lpszClass: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  lpszWindow: PAnsiChar   // LPCSTR optional
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'FindWindowExA';

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String

foreign import stdcall safe "FindWindowExA"
  c_FindWindowExA :: Ptr () -> Ptr () -> CString -> CString -> IO (Ptr ())
-- hWndParent : HWND optional -> Ptr ()
-- hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> Ptr ()
-- lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> CString
-- lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> CString
-- 要 GHC(Windows)。stdcall は x64 では ccall として扱われる。ブロックする API は safe 呼び出し推奨。

open Ctypes
open Foreign

let findwindowexa =
  foreign "FindWindowExA"
    ((ptr void) @-> (ptr void) @-> string @-> string @-> returning (ptr void))
(* hWndParent : HWND optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> string *)
(* lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> string *)
(* foreign は cdecl 前提。x64 Windows では WINAPI と一致。構造体は ctypes structure を定義のこと。 *)

(cffi:define-foreign-library user32 (t "USER32.dll"))
(cffi:use-foreign-library user32)

(cffi:defcfun ("FindWindowExA" find-window-ex-a :convention :stdcall) :pointer
  (h-wnd-parent :pointer)   ; HWND optional
  (h-wnd-child-after :pointer)   ; HWND optional
  (lpsz-class :string)   ; LPCSTR optional
  (lpsz-window :string))   ; LPCSTR optional
; isize/usize(INT_PTR/SIZE_T)は x64 前提で :int64/:uint64。x86 では :int32/:uint32。

use Win32::API;
my $FindWindowExA = Win32::API::More->new('USER32',
    'HANDLE FindWindowExA(HANDLE hWndParent, HANDLE hWndChildAfter, LPCSTR lpszClass, LPCSTR lpszWindow)');
# my $ret = $FindWindowExA->Call($hWndParent, $hWndChildAfter, $lpszClass, $lpszWindow);
# hWndParent : HWND optional -> HANDLE
# hWndChildAfter : HWND optional -> HANDLE
# lpszClass : LPCSTR optional -> LPCSTR
# lpszWindow : LPCSTR optional -> LPCSTR
# 値渡し構造体は pack() した文字列、または Win32::API::Struct を使用。