InsertMenuA

// USER32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

BOOL InsertMenuA(
    HMENU hMenu,
    DWORD uPosition,
    MENU_ITEM_FLAGS uFlags,
    UINT_PTR uIDNewItem,
    LPCSTR lpNewItem   // optional
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function InsertMenuA(
    hMenu As IntPtr,   ' HMENU
    uPosition As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    uFlags As UInteger,   ' MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    uIDNewItem As UIntPtr,   ' UINT_PTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpNewItem As String   ' LPCSTR optional
) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
End Function

' hMenu : HMENU
' uPosition : DWORD
' uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
' uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR
' lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional
Declare PtrSafe Function InsertMenuA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal hMenu As LongPtr, _
    ByVal uPosition As Long, _
    ByVal uFlags As Long, _
    ByVal uIDNewItem As LongPtr, _
    ByVal lpNewItem As String) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

InsertMenuA = ctypes.windll.user32.InsertMenuA
InsertMenuA.restype = wintypes.BOOL
InsertMenuA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.HANDLE,  # hMenu : HMENU
    wintypes.DWORD,  # uPosition : DWORD
    wintypes.DWORD,  # uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    ctypes.c_size_t,  # uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
InsertMenuA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['InsertMenuA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # hMenu : HMENU
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # uPosition : DWORD
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    Fiddle::TYPE_UINTPTR_T,  # uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn InsertMenuA(
        hMenu: *mut core::ffi::c_void,  // HMENU
        uPosition: u32,  // DWORD
        uFlags: u32,  // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
        uIDNewItem: usize,  // UINT_PTR
        lpNewItem: *const u8  // LPCSTR optional
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool InsertMenuA(IntPtr hMenu, uint uPosition, uint uFlags, UIntPtr uIDNewItem, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpNewItem);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_InsertMenuA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global InsertMenuA "InsertMenuA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; InsertMenuA hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem   ; 戻り値は stat
; hMenu : HMENU -> "sptr"
; uPosition : DWORD -> "sptr"
; uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> "sptr"
; uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> "sptr"
; lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global InsertMenuA "InsertMenuA" sptr, int, int, sptr, str
; res = InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
; hMenu : HMENU -> "sptr"
; uPosition : DWORD -> "int"
; uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> "int"
; uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> "sptr"
; lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> "str"

; BOOL InsertMenuA(HMENU hMenu, DWORD uPosition, MENU_ITEM_FLAGS uFlags, UINT_PTR uIDNewItem, LPCSTR lpNewItem)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global InsertMenuA "InsertMenuA" intptr, int, int, intptr, str
; res = InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
; hMenu : HMENU -> "intptr"
; uPosition : DWORD -> "int"
; uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> "int"
; uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> "intptr"
; lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> "str"

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procInsertMenuA = user32.NewProc("InsertMenuA")
)

// hMenu (HMENU), uPosition (DWORD), uFlags (MENU_ITEM_FLAGS), uIDNewItem (UINT_PTR), lpNewItem (LPCSTR optional)
r1, _, err := procInsertMenuA.Call(
	uintptr(hMenu),
	uintptr(uPosition),
	uintptr(uFlags),
	uintptr(uIDNewItem),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpNewItem))),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // BOOL

function InsertMenuA(
  hMenu: THandle;   // HMENU
  uPosition: DWORD;   // DWORD
  uFlags: DWORD;   // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
  uIDNewItem: NativeUInt;   // UINT_PTR
  lpNewItem: PAnsiChar   // LPCSTR optional
): BOOL; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'InsertMenuA';

result := DllCall("USER32\InsertMenuA"
    , "Ptr", hMenu   ; HMENU
    , "UInt", uPosition   ; DWORD
    , "UInt", uFlags   ; MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    , "UPtr", uIDNewItem   ; UINT_PTR
    , "AStr", lpNewItem   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "Int")   ; return: BOOL

●InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem) = DLL("USER32.dll", "bool InsertMenuA(void*, dword, dword, int, char*)")
# 呼び出し: InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
# hMenu : HMENU -> "void*"
# uPosition : DWORD -> "dword"
# uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> "dword"
# uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> "int"
# lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。

const std = @import("std");

extern "user32" fn InsertMenuA(
    hMenu: ?*anyopaque, // HMENU
    uPosition: u32, // DWORD
    uFlags: u32, // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    uIDNewItem: usize, // UINT_PTR
    lpNewItem: [*c]const u8 // LPCSTR optional
) callconv(std.os.windows.WINAPI) i32;

proc InsertMenuA(
    hMenu: pointer,  # HMENU
    uPosition: uint32,  # DWORD
    uFlags: uint32,  # MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    uIDNewItem: uint,  # UINT_PTR
    lpNewItem: cstring  # LPCSTR optional
): int32 {.importc: "InsertMenuA", stdcall, dynlib: "USER32.dll".}

pragma(lib, "user32");
extern(Windows)
int InsertMenuA(
    void* hMenu,   // HMENU
    uint uPosition,   // DWORD
    uint uFlags,   // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    size_t uIDNewItem,   // UINT_PTR
    const(char)* lpNewItem   // LPCSTR optional
);

ccall((:InsertMenuA, "USER32.dll"), stdcall, Int32,
      (Ptr{Cvoid}, UInt32, UInt32, Csize_t, Cstring),
      hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
# hMenu : HMENU -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# uPosition : DWORD -> UInt32
# uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> UInt32
# uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> Csize_t
# lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> Cstring
# stdcall は 32bit のみ意味を持つ(x64 では無視)。

local ffi = require("ffi")
ffi.cdef[[
int32_t InsertMenuA(
    void* hMenu,
    uint32_t uPosition,
    uint32_t uFlags,
    uintptr_t uIDNewItem,
    const char* lpNewItem);
]]
local user32 = ffi.load("user32")
-- user32.InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
-- hMenu : HMENU
-- uPosition : DWORD
-- uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
-- uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR
-- lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional
-- 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。

const koffi = require('koffi');
const lib = koffi.load('USER32.dll');
const InsertMenuA = lib.func('__stdcall', 'InsertMenuA', 'int32_t', ['void *', 'uint32_t', 'uint32_t', 'uintptr_t', 'str']);
// InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
// hMenu : HMENU -> 'void *'
// uPosition : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> 'uint32_t'
// uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> 'uintptr_t'
// lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> 'str'
// 出力ポインタは koffi.out(...) で包む。構造体は koffi.struct で定義。

const lib = Deno.dlopen("USER32.dll", {
  InsertMenuA: { parameters: ["pointer", "u32", "u32", "usize", "buffer"], result: "i32" },
});
// lib.symbols.InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem)
// hMenu : HMENU -> "pointer"
// uPosition : DWORD -> "u32"
// uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> "u32"
// uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> "usize"
// lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> "buffer"
// 文字列は "buffer"。ANSI(-A) は new TextEncoder() で UTF-8/ANSI バイト列(末尾に \x00)を渡す。
// 値渡し構造体は { struct: [ ...field types... ] } を使用。

<?php
$ffi = FFI::cdef(<<<C
int32_t InsertMenuA(
    void* hMenu,
    uint32_t uPosition,
    uint32_t uFlags,
    size_t uIDNewItem,
    const char* lpNewItem);
C, "USER32.dll");
// $ffi->InsertMenuA(hMenu, uPosition, uFlags, uIDNewItem, lpNewItem);
// hMenu : HMENU
// uPosition : DWORD
// uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
// uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR
// lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional
// 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。
// WINAPI(stdcall): x64 では呼出規約が統一されるため問題なし。x86 では __stdcall 対応のラッパが必要な場合あり。

import com.sun.jna.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.*;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;
import com.sun.jna.win32.W32APIOptions;

public interface User32 extends StdCallLibrary {
    User32 INSTANCE = Native.load("user32", User32.class, W32APIOptions.ASCII_OPTIONS);
    boolean InsertMenuA(
        Pointer hMenu,   // HMENU
        int uPosition,   // DWORD
        int uFlags,   // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
        long uIDNewItem,   // UINT_PTR
        String lpNewItem   // LPCSTR optional
    );
}

@[Link("user32")]
lib LibUSER32
  fun InsertMenuA = InsertMenuA(
    hMenu : Void*,   # HMENU
    uPosition : UInt32,   # DWORD
    uFlags : UInt32,   # MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
    uIDNewItem : LibC::SizeT,   # UINT_PTR
    lpNewItem : UInt8*   # LPCSTR optional
  ) : Int32
end
# 構造体/GUID/enum は lib 内に対応する型定義が必要。
# 呼出規約: x64 は規約統一のため OK。x86(32bit)は WINAPI=stdcall だが Crystal の fun に stdcall 付与構文がなく非対応。

import 'dart:ffi';
import 'package:ffi/ffi.dart';

typedef InsertMenuANative = Int32 Function(Pointer<Void>, Uint32, Uint32, UintPtr, Pointer<Utf8>);
typedef InsertMenuADart = int Function(Pointer<Void>, int, int, int, Pointer<Utf8>);
final InsertMenuA = DynamicLibrary.open('USER32.dll')
    .lookupFunction<InsertMenuANative, InsertMenuADart>('InsertMenuA');
// hMenu : HMENU -> Pointer<Void>
// uPosition : DWORD -> Uint32
// uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> Uint32
// uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> UintPtr
// lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> Pointer<Utf8>
// 文字列は package:ffi の "...".toNativeUtf16()/toNativeUtf8() で変換。

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
function InsertMenuA(
  hMenu: THandle;   // HMENU
  uPosition: DWORD;   // DWORD
  uFlags: DWORD;   // MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
  uIDNewItem: NativeUInt;   // UINT_PTR
  lpNewItem: PAnsiChar   // LPCSTR optional
): BOOL; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'InsertMenuA';

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String

foreign import stdcall safe "InsertMenuA"
  c_InsertMenuA :: Ptr () -> Word32 -> Word32 -> CUIntPtr -> CString -> IO CInt
-- hMenu : HMENU -> Ptr ()
-- uPosition : DWORD -> Word32
-- uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> Word32
-- uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> CUIntPtr
-- lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> CString
-- 要 GHC(Windows)。stdcall は x64 では ccall として扱われる。ブロックする API は safe 呼び出し推奨。

open Ctypes
open Foreign

let insertmenua =
  foreign "InsertMenuA"
    ((ptr void) @-> uint32_t @-> uint32_t @-> size_t @-> string @-> returning int32_t)
(* hMenu : HMENU -> (ptr void) *)
(* uPosition : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> uint32_t *)
(* uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> size_t *)
(* lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> string *)
(* foreign は cdecl 前提。x64 Windows では WINAPI と一致。構造体は ctypes structure を定義のこと。 *)

(cffi:define-foreign-library user32 (t "USER32.dll"))
(cffi:use-foreign-library user32)

(cffi:defcfun ("InsertMenuA" insert-menu-a :convention :stdcall) :int32
  (h-menu :pointer)   ; HMENU
  (u-position :uint32)   ; DWORD
  (u-flags :uint32)   ; MENU_ITEM_FLAGS
  (u-idnew-item :uint64)   ; UINT_PTR
  (lp-new-item :string))   ; LPCSTR optional
; isize/usize(INT_PTR/SIZE_T)は x64 前提で :int64/:uint64。x86 では :int32/:uint32。

use Win32::API;
my $InsertMenuA = Win32::API::More->new('USER32',
    'BOOL InsertMenuA(HANDLE hMenu, DWORD uPosition, DWORD uFlags, WPARAM uIDNewItem, LPCSTR lpNewItem)');
# my $ret = $InsertMenuA->Call($hMenu, $uPosition, $uFlags, $uIDNewItem, $lpNewItem);
# hMenu : HMENU -> HANDLE
# uPosition : DWORD -> DWORD
# uFlags : MENU_ITEM_FLAGS -> DWORD
# uIDNewItem : UINT_PTR -> WPARAM
# lpNewItem : LPCSTR optional -> LPCSTR
# 値渡し構造体は pack() した文字列、または Win32::API::Struct を使用。