SetWindowsHookExA

// USER32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

HHOOK SetWindowsHookExA(
    WINDOWS_HOOK_ID idHook,
    HOOKPROC lpfn,
    HINSTANCE hmod,   // optional
    DWORD dwThreadId
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function SetWindowsHookExA(
    idHook As Integer,   ' WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    lpfn As IntPtr,   ' HOOKPROC
    hmod As IntPtr,   ' HINSTANCE optional
    dwThreadId As UInteger   ' DWORD
) As IntPtr
End Function

' idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
' lpfn : HOOKPROC
' hmod : HINSTANCE optional
' dwThreadId : DWORD
Declare PtrSafe Function SetWindowsHookExA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal idHook As Long, _
    ByVal lpfn As LongPtr, _
    ByVal hmod As LongPtr, _
    ByVal dwThreadId As Long) As LongPtr
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

SetWindowsHookExA = ctypes.windll.user32.SetWindowsHookExA
SetWindowsHookExA.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
SetWindowsHookExA.argtypes = [
    ctypes.c_int,  # idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # lpfn : HOOKPROC
    wintypes.HANDLE,  # hmod : HINSTANCE optional
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwThreadId : DWORD
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
SetWindowsHookExA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['SetWindowsHookExA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpfn : HOOKPROC
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # hmod : HINSTANCE optional
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwThreadId : DWORD
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn SetWindowsHookExA(
        idHook: i32,  // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
        lpfn: *const core::ffi::c_void,  // HOOKPROC
        hmod: *mut core::ffi::c_void,  // HINSTANCE optional
        dwThreadId: u32  // DWORD
    ) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookExA(int idHook, IntPtr lpfn, IntPtr hmod, uint dwThreadId);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_SetWindowsHookExA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global SetWindowsHookExA "SetWindowsHookExA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; SetWindowsHookExA idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId   ; 戻り値は stat
; idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> "sptr"
; lpfn : HOOKPROC -> "sptr"
; hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> "sptr"
; dwThreadId : DWORD -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global SetWindowsHookExA "SetWindowsHookExA" int, sptr, sptr, int
; res = SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
; idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> "int"
; lpfn : HOOKPROC -> "sptr"
; hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> "sptr"
; dwThreadId : DWORD -> "int"

; HHOOK SetWindowsHookExA(WINDOWS_HOOK_ID idHook, HOOKPROC lpfn, HINSTANCE hmod, DWORD dwThreadId)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global SetWindowsHookExA "SetWindowsHookExA" int, intptr, intptr, int
; res = SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
; idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> "int"
; lpfn : HOOKPROC -> "intptr"
; hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> "intptr"
; dwThreadId : DWORD -> "int"

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procSetWindowsHookExA = user32.NewProc("SetWindowsHookExA")
)

// idHook (WINDOWS_HOOK_ID), lpfn (HOOKPROC), hmod (HINSTANCE optional), dwThreadId (DWORD)
r1, _, err := procSetWindowsHookExA.Call(
	uintptr(idHook),
	uintptr(lpfn),
	uintptr(hmod),
	uintptr(dwThreadId),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HHOOK

function SetWindowsHookExA(
  idHook: Integer;   // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
  lpfn: Pointer;   // HOOKPROC
  hmod: THandle;   // HINSTANCE optional
  dwThreadId: DWORD   // DWORD
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'SetWindowsHookExA';

result := DllCall("USER32\SetWindowsHookExA"
    , "Int", idHook   ; WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    , "Ptr", lpfn   ; HOOKPROC
    , "Ptr", hmod   ; HINSTANCE optional
    , "UInt", dwThreadId   ; DWORD
    , "Ptr")   ; return: HHOOK

●SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId) = DLL("USER32.dll", "void* SetWindowsHookExA(int, void*, void*, dword)")
# 呼び出し: SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
# idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> "int"
# lpfn : HOOKPROC -> "void*"
# hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> "void*"
# dwThreadId : DWORD -> "dword"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。

const std = @import("std");

extern "user32" fn SetWindowsHookExA(
    idHook: i32, // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    lpfn: ?*anyopaque, // HOOKPROC
    hmod: ?*anyopaque, // HINSTANCE optional
    dwThreadId: u32 // DWORD
) callconv(std.os.windows.WINAPI) ?*anyopaque;

proc SetWindowsHookExA(
    idHook: int32,  # WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    lpfn: pointer,  # HOOKPROC
    hmod: pointer,  # HINSTANCE optional
    dwThreadId: uint32  # DWORD
): pointer {.importc: "SetWindowsHookExA", stdcall, dynlib: "USER32.dll".}

pragma(lib, "user32");
extern(Windows)
void* SetWindowsHookExA(
    int idHook,   // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    void* lpfn,   // HOOKPROC
    void* hmod,   // HINSTANCE optional
    uint dwThreadId   // DWORD
);

ccall((:SetWindowsHookExA, "USER32.dll"), stdcall, Ptr{Cvoid},
      (Int32, Ptr{Cvoid}, Ptr{Cvoid}, UInt32),
      idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
# idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> Int32
# lpfn : HOOKPROC -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> Ptr{Cvoid}
# dwThreadId : DWORD -> UInt32
# stdcall は 32bit のみ意味を持つ(x64 では無視)。

local ffi = require("ffi")
ffi.cdef[[
void* SetWindowsHookExA(
    int32_t idHook,
    void* lpfn,
    void* hmod,
    uint32_t dwThreadId);
]]
local user32 = ffi.load("user32")
-- user32.SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
-- idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
-- lpfn : HOOKPROC
-- hmod : HINSTANCE optional
-- dwThreadId : DWORD
-- 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。

const koffi = require('koffi');
const lib = koffi.load('USER32.dll');
const SetWindowsHookExA = lib.func('__stdcall', 'SetWindowsHookExA', 'void *', ['int32_t', 'void *', 'void *', 'uint32_t']);
// SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
// idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> 'int32_t'
// lpfn : HOOKPROC -> 'void *'
// hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> 'void *'
// dwThreadId : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// 出力ポインタは koffi.out(...) で包む。構造体は koffi.struct で定義。
// コールバック(関数ポインタ)は koffi.proto/koffi.register で型を定義して渡す(素の void* では JS 関数を渡せない)。

const lib = Deno.dlopen("USER32.dll", {
  SetWindowsHookExA: { parameters: ["i32", "pointer", "pointer", "u32"], result: "pointer" },
});
// lib.symbols.SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId)
// idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> "i32"
// lpfn : HOOKPROC -> "pointer"
// hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> "pointer"
// dwThreadId : DWORD -> "u32"
// 文字列は "buffer"。ANSI(-A) は new TextEncoder() で UTF-8/ANSI バイト列(末尾に \x00)を渡す。
// 値渡し構造体は { struct: [ ...field types... ] } を使用。

<?php
$ffi = FFI::cdef(<<<C
void* SetWindowsHookExA(
    int32_t idHook,
    void* lpfn,
    void* hmod,
    uint32_t dwThreadId);
C, "USER32.dll");
// $ffi->SetWindowsHookExA(idHook, lpfn, hmod, dwThreadId);
// idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
// lpfn : HOOKPROC
// hmod : HINSTANCE optional
// dwThreadId : DWORD
// 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。
// WINAPI(stdcall): x64 では呼出規約が統一されるため問題なし。x86 では __stdcall 対応のラッパが必要な場合あり。

import com.sun.jna.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.*;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;
import com.sun.jna.win32.W32APIOptions;

public interface User32 extends StdCallLibrary {
    User32 INSTANCE = Native.load("user32", User32.class, W32APIOptions.ASCII_OPTIONS);
    Pointer SetWindowsHookExA(
        int idHook,   // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
        Callback lpfn,   // HOOKPROC
        Pointer hmod,   // HINSTANCE optional
        int dwThreadId   // DWORD
    );
}

@[Link("user32")]
lib LibUSER32
  fun SetWindowsHookExA = SetWindowsHookExA(
    idHook : Int32,   # WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
    lpfn : Void*,   # HOOKPROC
    hmod : Void*,   # HINSTANCE optional
    dwThreadId : UInt32   # DWORD
  ) : Void*
end
# 構造体/GUID/enum は lib 内に対応する型定義が必要。
# 呼出規約: x64 は規約統一のため OK。x86(32bit)は WINAPI=stdcall だが Crystal の fun に stdcall 付与構文がなく非対応。

import 'dart:ffi';
import 'package:ffi/ffi.dart';

typedef SetWindowsHookExANative = Pointer<Void> Function(Int32, Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Void>, Uint32);
typedef SetWindowsHookExADart = Pointer<Void> Function(int, Pointer<Void>, Pointer<Void>, int);
final SetWindowsHookExA = DynamicLibrary.open('USER32.dll')
    .lookupFunction<SetWindowsHookExANative, SetWindowsHookExADart>('SetWindowsHookExA');
// idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> Int32
// lpfn : HOOKPROC -> Pointer<Void>
// hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> Pointer<Void>
// dwThreadId : DWORD -> Uint32
// 文字列は package:ffi の "...".toNativeUtf16()/toNativeUtf8() で変換。

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
function SetWindowsHookExA(
  idHook: Integer;   // WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
  lpfn: Pointer;   // HOOKPROC
  hmod: THandle;   // HINSTANCE optional
  dwThreadId: DWORD   // DWORD
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'SetWindowsHookExA';

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String

foreign import stdcall safe "SetWindowsHookExA"
  c_SetWindowsHookExA :: Int32 -> Ptr () -> Ptr () -> Word32 -> IO (Ptr ())
-- idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> Int32
-- lpfn : HOOKPROC -> Ptr ()
-- hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> Ptr ()
-- dwThreadId : DWORD -> Word32
-- 要 GHC(Windows)。stdcall は x64 では ccall として扱われる。ブロックする API は safe 呼び出し推奨。

open Ctypes
open Foreign

let setwindowshookexa =
  foreign "SetWindowsHookExA"
    (int32_t @-> (ptr void) @-> (ptr void) @-> uint32_t @-> returning (ptr void))
(* idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> int32_t *)
(* lpfn : HOOKPROC -> (ptr void) *)
(* hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* dwThreadId : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* foreign は cdecl 前提。x64 Windows では WINAPI と一致。構造体は ctypes structure を定義のこと。 *)

(cffi:define-foreign-library user32 (t "USER32.dll"))
(cffi:use-foreign-library user32)

(cffi:defcfun ("SetWindowsHookExA" set-windows-hook-ex-a :convention :stdcall) :pointer
  (id-hook :int32)   ; WINDOWS_HOOK_ID
  (lpfn :pointer)   ; HOOKPROC
  (hmod :pointer)   ; HINSTANCE optional
  (dw-thread-id :uint32))   ; DWORD
; isize/usize(INT_PTR/SIZE_T)は x64 前提で :int64/:uint64。x86 では :int32/:uint32。

use Win32::API;
my $SetWindowsHookExA = Win32::API::More->new('USER32',
    'HANDLE SetWindowsHookExA(int idHook, LPVOID lpfn, HANDLE hmod, DWORD dwThreadId)');
# my $ret = $SetWindowsHookExA->Call($idHook, $lpfn, $hmod, $dwThreadId);
# idHook : WINDOWS_HOOK_ID -> int
# lpfn : HOOKPROC -> LPVOID
# hmod : HINSTANCE optional -> HANDLE
# dwThreadId : DWORD -> DWORD
# 値渡し構造体は pack() した文字列、または Win32::API::Struct を使用。
# コールバック(関数ポインタ)は Perl sub を直接渡せません。Win32::API::Callback を使用してください。