CreateDesktopA

// USER32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

HDESK CreateDesktopA(
    LPCSTR lpszDesktop,
    LPCSTR lpszDevice,   // optional
    DEVMODEA* pDevmode,   // optional
    DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS dwFlags,
    DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* lpsa   // optional
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function CreateDesktopA(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszDesktop As String,   ' LPCSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszDevice As String,   ' LPCSTR optional
    pDevmode As IntPtr,   ' DEVMODEA* optional
    dwFlags As UInteger,   ' DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    dwDesiredAccess As UInteger,   ' DWORD
    lpsa As IntPtr   ' SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
) As IntPtr
End Function

' lpszDesktop : LPCSTR
' lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional
' pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional
' dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
' dwDesiredAccess : DWORD
' lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
Declare PtrSafe Function CreateDesktopA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal lpszDesktop As String, _
    ByVal lpszDevice As String, _
    ByVal pDevmode As LongPtr, _
    ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
    ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long, _
    ByVal lpsa As LongPtr) As LongPtr
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

CreateDesktopA = ctypes.windll.user32.CreateDesktopA
CreateDesktopA.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
CreateDesktopA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszDesktop : LPCSTR
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    wintypes.DWORD,  # dwDesiredAccess : DWORD
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
CreateDesktopA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['CreateDesktopA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszDesktop : LPCSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    -Fiddle::TYPE_INT,  # dwDesiredAccess : DWORD
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn CreateDesktopA(
        lpszDesktop: *const u8,  // LPCSTR
        lpszDevice: *const u8,  // LPCSTR optional
        pDevmode: *mut DEVMODEA,  // DEVMODEA* optional
        dwFlags: u32,  // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
        dwDesiredAccess: u32,  // DWORD
        lpsa: *mut SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES  // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
    ) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr CreateDesktopA([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszDesktop, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszDevice, IntPtr pDevmode, uint dwFlags, uint dwDesiredAccess, IntPtr lpsa);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_CreateDesktopA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global CreateDesktopA "CreateDesktopA" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; CreateDesktopA lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, varptr(pDevmode), dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, varptr(lpsa)   ; 戻り値は stat
; lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> "sptr"
; lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> "sptr"
; dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> "sptr"
; dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> "sptr"
; lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procCreateDesktopA = user32.NewProc("CreateDesktopA")
)

// lpszDesktop (LPCSTR), lpszDevice (LPCSTR optional), pDevmode (DEVMODEA* optional), dwFlags (DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS), dwDesiredAccess (DWORD), lpsa (SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional)
r1, _, err := procCreateDesktopA.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszDesktop))),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszDevice))),
	uintptr(pDevmode),
	uintptr(dwFlags),
	uintptr(dwDesiredAccess),
	uintptr(lpsa),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // HDESK

function CreateDesktopA(
  lpszDesktop: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR
  lpszDevice: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  pDevmode: Pointer;   // DEVMODEA* optional
  dwFlags: DWORD;   // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
  dwDesiredAccess: DWORD;   // DWORD
  lpsa: Pointer   // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'CreateDesktopA';

result := DllCall("USER32\CreateDesktopA"
    , "AStr", lpszDesktop   ; LPCSTR
    , "AStr", lpszDevice   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "Ptr", pDevmode   ; DEVMODEA* optional
    , "UInt", dwFlags   ; DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    , "UInt", dwDesiredAccess   ; DWORD
    , "Ptr", lpsa   ; SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
    , "Ptr")   ; return: HDESK

●CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa) = DLL("USER32.dll", "void* CreateDesktopA(char*, char*, void*, dword, dword, void*)")
# 呼び出し: CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)
# lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> "char*"
# lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> "void*"
# dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> "dword"
# dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> "dword"
# lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。

const std = @import("std");

extern "user32" fn CreateDesktopA(
    lpszDesktop: [*c]const u8, // LPCSTR
    lpszDevice: [*c]const u8, // LPCSTR optional
    pDevmode: [*c]DEVMODEA, // DEVMODEA* optional
    dwFlags: u32, // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    dwDesiredAccess: u32, // DWORD
    lpsa: [*c]SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
) callconv(std.os.windows.WINAPI) ?*anyopaque;

proc CreateDesktopA(
    lpszDesktop: cstring,  # LPCSTR
    lpszDevice: cstring,  # LPCSTR optional
    pDevmode: ptr DEVMODEA,  # DEVMODEA* optional
    dwFlags: uint32,  # DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    dwDesiredAccess: uint32,  # DWORD
    lpsa: ptr SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES  # SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
): pointer {.importc: "CreateDesktopA", stdcall, dynlib: "USER32.dll".}

pragma(lib, "user32");
extern(Windows)
void* CreateDesktopA(
    const(char)* lpszDesktop,   // LPCSTR
    const(char)* lpszDevice,   // LPCSTR optional
    DEVMODEA* pDevmode,   // DEVMODEA* optional
    uint dwFlags,   // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    uint dwDesiredAccess,   // DWORD
    SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* lpsa   // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
);

ccall((:CreateDesktopA, "USER32.dll"), stdcall, Ptr{Cvoid},
      (Cstring, Cstring, Ptr{DEVMODEA}, UInt32, UInt32, Ptr{SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES}),
      lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)
# lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> Cstring
# lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> Cstring
# pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> Ptr{DEVMODEA}
# dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> UInt32
# dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> UInt32
# lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> Ptr{SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES}
# stdcall は 32bit のみ意味を持つ(x64 では無視)。

local ffi = require("ffi")
ffi.cdef[[
void* CreateDesktopA(
    const char* lpszDesktop,
    const char* lpszDevice,
    void* pDevmode,
    uint32_t dwFlags,
    uint32_t dwDesiredAccess,
    void* lpsa);
]]
local user32 = ffi.load("user32")
-- user32.CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)
-- lpszDesktop : LPCSTR
-- lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional
-- pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional
-- dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
-- dwDesiredAccess : DWORD
-- lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
-- 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。

const koffi = require('koffi');
const lib = koffi.load('USER32.dll');
const CreateDesktopA = lib.func('__stdcall', 'CreateDesktopA', 'void *', ['str', 'str', 'void *', 'uint32_t', 'uint32_t', 'void *']);
// CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)
// lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> 'str'
// lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> 'str'
// pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> 'void *'
// dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> 'uint32_t'
// dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> 'uint32_t'
// lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> 'void *'
// 出力ポインタは koffi.out(...) で包む。構造体は koffi.struct で定義。

const lib = Deno.dlopen("USER32.dll", {
  CreateDesktopA: { parameters: ["buffer", "buffer", "pointer", "u32", "u32", "pointer"], result: "pointer" },
});
// lib.symbols.CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa)
// lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> "buffer"
// lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> "buffer"
// pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> "pointer"
// dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> "u32"
// dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> "u32"
// lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> "pointer"
// 文字列は "buffer"。ANSI(-A) は new TextEncoder() で UTF-8/ANSI バイト列(末尾に \x00)を渡す。
// 値渡し構造体は { struct: [ ...field types... ] } を使用。

<?php
$ffi = FFI::cdef(<<<C
void* CreateDesktopA(
    const char* lpszDesktop,
    const char* lpszDevice,
    void* pDevmode,
    uint32_t dwFlags,
    uint32_t dwDesiredAccess,
    void* lpsa);
C, "USER32.dll");
// $ffi->CreateDesktopA(lpszDesktop, lpszDevice, pDevmode, dwFlags, dwDesiredAccess, lpsa);
// lpszDesktop : LPCSTR
// lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional
// pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional
// dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
// dwDesiredAccess : DWORD
// lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
// 構造体/GUIDへのポインタは cdef が通るよう void* で表記(実型は各引数コメント参照)。値渡し構造体・enum は対応する typedef を cdef に追加すること。
// WINAPI(stdcall): x64 では呼出規約が統一されるため問題なし。x86 では __stdcall 対応のラッパが必要な場合あり。

import com.sun.jna.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.*;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;
import com.sun.jna.win32.W32APIOptions;

public interface User32 extends StdCallLibrary {
    User32 INSTANCE = Native.load("user32", User32.class, W32APIOptions.ASCII_OPTIONS);
    Pointer CreateDesktopA(
        String lpszDesktop,   // LPCSTR
        String lpszDevice,   // LPCSTR optional
        Pointer pDevmode,   // DEVMODEA* optional
        int dwFlags,   // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
        int dwDesiredAccess,   // DWORD
        Pointer lpsa   // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
    );
}

@[Link("user32")]
lib LibUSER32
  fun CreateDesktopA = CreateDesktopA(
    lpszDesktop : UInt8*,   # LPCSTR
    lpszDevice : UInt8*,   # LPCSTR optional
    pDevmode : DEVMODEA*,   # DEVMODEA* optional
    dwFlags : UInt32,   # DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
    dwDesiredAccess : UInt32,   # DWORD
    lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES*   # SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
  ) : Void*
end
# 構造体/GUID/enum は lib 内に対応する型定義が必要。
# 呼出規約: x64 は規約統一のため OK。x86(32bit)は WINAPI=stdcall だが Crystal の fun に stdcall 付与構文がなく非対応。

import 'dart:ffi';
import 'package:ffi/ffi.dart';

typedef CreateDesktopANative = Pointer<Void> Function(Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Void>, Uint32, Uint32, Pointer<Void>);
typedef CreateDesktopADart = Pointer<Void> Function(Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Utf8>, Pointer<Void>, int, int, Pointer<Void>);
final CreateDesktopA = DynamicLibrary.open('USER32.dll')
    .lookupFunction<CreateDesktopANative, CreateDesktopADart>('CreateDesktopA');
// lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> Pointer<Utf8>
// lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> Pointer<Utf8>
// pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> Pointer<Void>
// dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> Uint32
// dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> Uint32
// lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> Pointer<Void>
// 文字列は package:ffi の "...".toNativeUtf16()/toNativeUtf8() で変換。

{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
function CreateDesktopA(
  lpszDesktop: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR
  lpszDevice: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  pDevmode: Pointer;   // DEVMODEA* optional
  dwFlags: DWORD;   // DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
  dwDesiredAccess: DWORD;   // DWORD
  lpsa: Pointer   // SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
): THandle; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'CreateDesktopA';

import Foreign
import Foreign.C.Types
import Foreign.C.String

foreign import stdcall safe "CreateDesktopA"
  c_CreateDesktopA :: CString -> CString -> Ptr () -> Word32 -> Word32 -> Ptr () -> IO (Ptr ())
-- lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> CString
-- lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> CString
-- pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> Ptr ()
-- dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> Word32
-- dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> Word32
-- lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> Ptr ()
-- 要 GHC(Windows)。stdcall は x64 では ccall として扱われる。ブロックする API は safe 呼び出し推奨。

open Ctypes
open Foreign

let createdesktopa =
  foreign "CreateDesktopA"
    (string @-> string @-> (ptr void) @-> uint32_t @-> uint32_t @-> (ptr void) @-> returning (ptr void))
(* lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> string *)
(* lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> string *)
(* pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> uint32_t *)
(* dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> uint32_t *)
(* lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> (ptr void) *)
(* foreign は cdecl 前提。x64 Windows では WINAPI と一致。構造体は ctypes structure を定義のこと。 *)

(cffi:define-foreign-library user32 (t "USER32.dll"))
(cffi:use-foreign-library user32)

(cffi:defcfun ("CreateDesktopA" create-desktop-a :convention :stdcall) :pointer
  (lpsz-desktop :string)   ; LPCSTR
  (lpsz-device :string)   ; LPCSTR optional
  (p-devmode :pointer)   ; DEVMODEA* optional
  (dw-flags :uint32)   ; DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS
  (dw-desired-access :uint32)   ; DWORD
  (lpsa :pointer))   ; SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional
; isize/usize(INT_PTR/SIZE_T)は x64 前提で :int64/:uint64。x86 では :int32/:uint32。

use Win32::API;
my $CreateDesktopA = Win32::API::More->new('USER32',
    'HANDLE CreateDesktopA(LPCSTR lpszDesktop, LPCSTR lpszDevice, LPVOID pDevmode, DWORD dwFlags, DWORD dwDesiredAccess, LPVOID lpsa)');
# my $ret = $CreateDesktopA->Call($lpszDesktop, $lpszDevice, $pDevmode, $dwFlags, $dwDesiredAccess, $lpsa);
# lpszDesktop : LPCSTR -> LPCSTR
# lpszDevice : LPCSTR optional -> LPCSTR
# pDevmode : DEVMODEA* optional -> LPVOID
# dwFlags : DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS -> DWORD
# dwDesiredAccess : DWORD -> DWORD
# lpsa : SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* optional -> LPVOID
# 値渡し構造体は pack() した文字列、または Win32::API::Struct を使用。