CharPrevA

// USER32.dll  (ANSI / -A)
#include <windows.h>

LPSTR CharPrevA(
    LPCSTR lpszStart,
    LPCSTR lpszCurrent
);

<DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function CharPrevA(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszStart As String,   ' LPCSTR
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> lpszCurrent As String   ' LPCSTR
) As IntPtr
End Function

' lpszStart : LPCSTR
' lpszCurrent : LPCSTR
Declare PtrSafe Function CharPrevA Lib "user32" ( _
    ByVal lpszStart As String, _
    ByVal lpszCurrent As String) As LongPtr
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

CharPrevA = ctypes.windll.user32.CharPrevA
CharPrevA.restype = wintypes.LPSTR
CharPrevA.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszStart : LPCSTR
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # lpszCurrent : LPCSTR
]

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('USER32.dll')
CharPrevA = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['CharPrevA'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszStart : LPCSTR
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # lpszCurrent : LPCSTR
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP)

#[link(name = "user32")]
extern "system" {
    fn CharPrevA(
        lpszStart: *const u8,  // LPCSTR
        lpszCurrent: *const u8  // LPCSTR
    ) -> *mut u8;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("USER32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern IntPtr CharPrevA([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszStart, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpszCurrent);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'USER32_CharPrevA' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::CharPrevA(lpszStart, lpszCurrent)

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#func global CharPrevA "CharPrevA" sptr, sptr
; CharPrevA lpszStart, lpszCurrent   ; 戻り値は stat
; lpszStart : LPCSTR -> "sptr"
; lpszCurrent : LPCSTR -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global CharPrevA "CharPrevA" str, str
; res = CharPrevA(lpszStart, lpszCurrent)
; lpszStart : LPCSTR -> "str"
; lpszCurrent : LPCSTR -> "str"

; LPSTR CharPrevA(LPCSTR lpszStart, LPCSTR lpszCurrent)
#uselib "USER32.dll"
#cfunc global CharPrevA "CharPrevA" str, str
; res = CharPrevA(lpszStart, lpszCurrent)
; lpszStart : LPCSTR -> "str"
; lpszCurrent : LPCSTR -> "str"

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	user32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("USER32.dll")
	procCharPrevA = user32.NewProc("CharPrevA")
)

// lpszStart (LPCSTR), lpszCurrent (LPCSTR)
r1, _, err := procCharPrevA.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszStart))),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(lpszCurrent))),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // LPSTR

function CharPrevA(
  lpszStart: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR
  lpszCurrent: PAnsiChar   // LPCSTR
): PAnsiChar; stdcall;
  external 'USER32.dll' name 'CharPrevA';

result := DllCall("USER32\CharPrevA"
    , "AStr", lpszStart   ; LPCSTR
    , "AStr", lpszCurrent   ; LPCSTR
    , "Ptr")   ; return: LPSTR

●CharPrevA(lpszStart, lpszCurrent) = DLL("USER32.dll", "char* CharPrevA(char*, char*)")
# 呼び出し: CharPrevA(lpszStart, lpszCurrent)
# lpszStart : LPCSTR -> "char*"
# lpszCurrent : LPCSTR -> "char*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。