getaddrinfo

// WS2_32.dll
#include <windows.h>

INT getaddrinfo(
    LPCSTR pNodeName,   // optional
    LPCSTR pServiceName,   // optional
    const ADDRINFOA* pHints,   // optional
    ADDRINFOA** ppResult
);

<DllImport("WS2_32.dll", SetLastError:=True, ExactSpelling:=True)>
Public Shared Function getaddrinfo(
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pNodeName As String,   ' LPCSTR optional
    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)> pServiceName As String,   ' LPCSTR optional
    pHints As IntPtr,   ' ADDRINFOA* optional
    ppResult As IntPtr   ' ADDRINFOA** out
) As Integer
End Function

' pNodeName : LPCSTR optional
' pServiceName : LPCSTR optional
' pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional
' ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out
Declare PtrSafe Function getaddrinfo Lib "ws2_32" ( _
    ByVal pNodeName As String, _
    ByVal pServiceName As String, _
    ByVal pHints As LongPtr, _
    ByVal ppResult As LongPtr) As Long
' VBA7前提(PtrSafe)。32bit Office では LongPtr→Long。Integer=16bit / Long=32bit / LongLong=64bit。

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

getaddrinfo = ctypes.windll.ws2_32.getaddrinfo
getaddrinfo.restype = ctypes.c_int
getaddrinfo.argtypes = [
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # pNodeName : LPCSTR optional
    wintypes.LPCSTR,  # pServiceName : LPCSTR optional
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional
    ctypes.c_void_p,  # ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out
]
# GetLastError: use ctypes.GetLastError() (or ctypes.WinDLL(use_last_error=True))

require 'fiddle'
require 'fiddle/import'

lib = Fiddle.dlopen('WS2_32.dll')
getaddrinfo = Fiddle::Function.new(
  lib['getaddrinfo'],
  [
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pNodeName : LPCSTR optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pServiceName : LPCSTR optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional
    Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP,  # ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out
  ],
  Fiddle::TYPE_INT)

#[link(name = "ws2_32")]
extern "system" {
    fn getaddrinfo(
        pNodeName: *const u8,  // LPCSTR optional
        pServiceName: *const u8,  // LPCSTR optional
        pHints: *const ADDRINFOA,  // ADDRINFOA* optional
        ppResult: *mut *mut ADDRINFOA  // ADDRINFOA** out
    ) -> i32;
}
// crates: windows-sys provides ready-made bindings for this API.

$sig = @"
[DllImport("WS2_32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int getaddrinfo([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pNodeName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pServiceName, IntPtr pHints, IntPtr ppResult);
"@
$api = Add-Type -MemberDefinition $sig -Name 'WS2_32_getaddrinfo' -Namespace Win32 -PassThru
# $api::getaddrinfo(pNodeName, pServiceName, pHints, ppResult)

#uselib "WS2_32.dll"
#func global getaddrinfo "getaddrinfo" sptr, sptr, sptr, sptr
; getaddrinfo pNodeName, pServiceName, varptr(pHints), varptr(ppResult)   ; 戻り値は stat
; pNodeName : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; pServiceName : LPCSTR optional -> "sptr"
; pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional -> "sptr"
; ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out -> "sptr"
; ※HSP3.7は #func のため戻り値はシステム変数 stat に格納されます。

#uselib "WS2_32.dll"
#cfunc global getaddrinfo "getaddrinfo" str, str, var, var
; res = getaddrinfo(pNodeName, pServiceName, pHints, ppResult)
; pNodeName : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pServiceName : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional -> "var"
; ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

; INT getaddrinfo(LPCSTR pNodeName, LPCSTR pServiceName, ADDRINFOA* pHints, ADDRINFOA** ppResult)
#uselib "WS2_32.dll"
#cfunc global getaddrinfo "getaddrinfo" str, str, var, var
; res = getaddrinfo(pNodeName, pServiceName, pHints, ppResult)
; pNodeName : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pServiceName : LPCSTR optional -> "str"
; pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional -> "var"
; ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out -> "var"
; ※出力/バッファ引数は var 方式(変数を直接渡す)。varptr 方式にも切替可。

import (
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
	"unsafe"
)

var (
	ws2_32 = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("WS2_32.dll")
	procgetaddrinfo = ws2_32.NewProc("getaddrinfo")
)

// pNodeName (LPCSTR optional), pServiceName (LPCSTR optional), pHints (ADDRINFOA* optional), ppResult (ADDRINFOA** out)
r1, _, err := procgetaddrinfo.Call(
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(pNodeName))),
	uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(windows.BytePtrFromString(pServiceName))),
	uintptr(pHints),
	uintptr(ppResult),
)
_ = err  // syscall.Errno (valid when the call sets last-error)
_ = r1   // INT

function getaddrinfo(
  pNodeName: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  pServiceName: PAnsiChar;   // LPCSTR optional
  pHints: Pointer;   // ADDRINFOA* optional
  ppResult: Pointer   // ADDRINFOA** out
): Integer; stdcall;
  external 'WS2_32.dll' name 'getaddrinfo';

result := DllCall("WS2_32\getaddrinfo"
    , "AStr", pNodeName   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "AStr", pServiceName   ; LPCSTR optional
    , "Ptr", pHints   ; ADDRINFOA* optional
    , "Ptr", ppResult   ; ADDRINFOA** out
    , "Int")   ; return: INT

●getaddrinfo(pNodeName, pServiceName, pHints, ppResult) = DLL("WS2_32.dll", "int getaddrinfo(char*, char*, void*, void*)")
# 呼び出し: getaddrinfo(pNodeName, pServiceName, pHints, ppResult)
# pNodeName : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# pServiceName : LPCSTR optional -> "char*"
# pHints : ADDRINFOA* optional -> "void*"
# ppResult : ADDRINFOA** out -> "void*"
# なでしこ1は32bit・ANSI(Shift_JIS)。文字列=char*(ANSI)、ポインタ/ハンドル=void*(4byte)。